answer answer back(intr),answer somebody back反驳别人的责难,回嘴顶撞: Father:Why were you so late last night? You weren’t in till2 a.m. 父亲:你昨晚回家为什么这么晚?你直到凌晨两点钟才回来。 Son:You should have been asleep. 儿子:那时候你本该睡着了。 Father:Don’t answer me back.Answer my question. 父亲:别跟我顶嘴。回答我的问题。 ask ask after/for somebody 探询有关……的信息,(向第三者)问某人健康如何: I met Tom at the party;he asked after you. 我在聚会上遇见了汤姆;他问你好。(问你健康如何/问你过得怎么样) ask for (a)寻找某人并想和他/她说话,要求见到某人: Go to the office and ask for my secretary. 到办公室去,找我的秘书。 (b)要求,索要: The men asked for more pay and shorter hours. 工人们要求增加工资,减少工时。 ask someone in(宾语在in之前)请某人进来: He didn’t ask me in;he kept me standing at the door while he read the message. 他没有让我进去;他径自看那张条子,让我站在门口等着。 ask someone out(宾语在out之前)请某人出去参加娱乐活动或吃饭(特别是在公众地方吃饭): She had a lot of friends and was usually asked out in the evenings,so she seldom spent an evening at home. 她有很多朋友,晚上常被邀请外出,因此她晚上很少在家里呆着。 back back away(intr)慢慢地退回去(因为遇到某种危险或不愉快的事): When he took a gun out everyone backd away nervously. 他拿出枪来时,大家都紧张地向后退去。 back out(intr)退出(某事先已同意的联合行动),停止或拒绝给予所允诺的帮助或支持: He agreed to help but backed out when he found how difficult it was. 他本来同意给予帮助的,但在发现事情有多么困难之后就打退堂鼓了。 back somebody up从道义上或行动上支持: The headmaster never backed up his staff.(backed them up)If a parentplained about a teacher he assumed that the teacher was in thewrong. 校长从来不给教员们撑腰。凡是有家长给老师提意见时,他总是认为一定是老师不对。 be be against(tr)反对(常带动名词): I’m for doing nothing till the police arrive./I’m against doing anythingtill the police arrive. 我赞成在警察来到以前不采取行动。/我反对在警察到来以前采取任何行动。 be away(intr)(至少有一个晚上)不在家,不在某地 be back(intr)在长期或短暂地离开之后回到原地: —I want to see Mrs Pitt.Is she in? —No,I’m afraid she’s out at the moment./No,I’m afraid she’s awayfor the weekend. —When will she be back? —She’ll be back in half an hour/next week. —我想见皮特夫人。她在吗? —不,恐怕她现在不在。/不,我想她外出度周末了。 —她什么时候回来? —她半小时后/下周回来。 be for(tr)赞成(常带动名词) be in(intr)在家或在某个建筑物内 be in for(tr)将要遇上(常跟某种令人不愉快的事): Did you listen to the weather forecast? I’m afraid we’re in for a bumpyflight. 你听气象预报没有?恐怕我们这次航班要很颠簸。 If you think that the work is going to be easy you’re in for a shock. 如果你以为这工作将容易,那么你可要大吃一惊了。 be out(intr)短时间不在家/不在某个建筑物里,但并不在外过夜 be over(intr)结束: The storm is over now;we can go on. 暴风雨过去了;我们可以继续走了。 be up(intr)起床了: Don’t expect her to answer the doorbell at eight o’clock on Sundaymorning.She won’t be up. 星期日早上8点钟时,别指望她听见门铃响会来开门。她那时还没有起床呢。 be up to(tr)体力或智力足以……(宾语常用it,但也可用动名词): After his illness the Minister continued in office though he was no longerup to the work/up to doing the work. 部长生病后继续任职,但他已力不胜任了。 be up to something/some mischief/some trick/no good从事或忙于某种调皮的、不正道的或有害的事/捣鬼: Don’t trust him;he is up to something/some trick. 别信他;他在搞鬼/在耍诡计。 The boys are very quiet.I wonder what they are up to. 男孩子们无声无息了。我不知他们在捣什么鬼。 注意:这里up to的宾语常是某一很不确定的词语,如上面例句所示。这个习语从来不与某一具体明确的事连用。 it is up to someone(常带动词不定式)此事是某人的职责: It is up to the government to take action on violence. 采取行动对付暴力行为,是政府职责所在。 I have helped you as much as I can. Now it is up to you. 我已尽我所能地帮助你了。现在该看你自己了。(你得靠自己的努力干下去。) bear bear out(tr)证实,提供证明: This report bears out my theory.(bears my theory out/bears it out) 这报告证实了我的理论。 bear up(intr)听到坏消息仍能勇敢支撑,掩饰感情或忧伤: The news of her death was a great shock to him but he bore up bravely and none of us realized how much he felt it. 她故去的消息对他来讲是个打击,但他勇敢地支撑着,我们谁也没意识到他的感受该有多么强烈。 blow blow out(tr)吹熄: The wind blew out the candle.(blew the candle out/blew it out) 风吹灭了蜡烛。 blow up(tr/intr) (a)用爆炸的方法毁灭,爆炸,被毁: They blew up the bridges so that the enemy couldn’t follow them.(blew the bridges up/blew them up) 他们炸毁了桥,好让敌人不能追上他们。 Just as we got to the bridge it blew up. 我们刚到桥头,桥就炸掉了。 (b)充气,打气,使膨胀: The children blew up their balloons and threw them into the air.( blew the balloons up/blew them up) 孩子们把气球吹鼓了,扔向空中。 boil boil away(intr)(液体)因沸腾而挥发完,熬干: I put the kettle on the gas ring and then went away and forgot about it. When I returned, the water had all boiled away and the flame had burnta hole in the kettle. 我把壶放在煤气灶上,然后就走开把这事忘掉了。我回来时,水都烧干了,火把壶底烧出了一个窟窿。 boil over(intr)(液体因沸腾而)溢到容器外面: The milk boiled over and there was a horrible smell of burning. 牛奶潽了,烧糊的味道极为难闻。 break break down a door etc.用强力敲破或撞破: The firemen had to break down the door to get into the burning house. (break the door down/break it down) 消防员不得不破门而入以便到着火的房子里边去。 break down figures将一数目分别列在不同项目下以作进一步说明: You say that 10,000 people use this library.Could you break that downinto age…groups? 你说有10,000人使用这所图书馆。你能否按年龄组将数字分解一下?(即说出有多少人是25岁以下的,有多少人是50岁以上的等等) break down(intr)由于有缺陷或强度不够而坏掉或不再正常运作: (a)常指人暂时感情支持不住: He broke down when telling me about his son’s tragic death. 他向我谈到他儿子惨死的事时,不能自已了。(他失声痛哭了。) (b)指丧失精神上的抵抗力: