《Java编程思想第4版[中文版](PDF格式)》第275章


// Divide by 0 error possible on this
if(x 》 originX) {
return 0;
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else
return (float) Math。PI;


public float distanceFromPoint(int x1; int y1){
return (float) Math。sqrt(
Math。pow(x1 x; 2) +
Math。pow(y1 y; 2));

public Point position() {
return new Point(x; y);

// Beasts know how to draw themselves:
public void draw(Graphics g) {
g。setColor(color);
int directionInDegrees = (int)(
(currentDirection * 360) / (2 * Math。PI));
int startAngle = directionInDegrees
FieldOBeasts。halfFieldOfView;
int endAngle = 90;
g。fillArc(x; y; GSIZE; GSIZE;
startAngle; endAngle);


public class FieldOBeasts extends Applet
implements Runnable {
private Vector beasts;
static float
fieldOfView =
(float) (Math。PI / 4); // In radians
// Deceleration % per second:
decayRate = 1。0f;
minimumDistance = 10f; // In pixels
static int
halfFieldOfView = (int)(
(fieldOfView * 360) / (2 * Math。PI));
xExtent = 0;
yExtent = 0;
numBeasts = 50;
maxSpeed = 20; // Pixels/second
boolean uniqueColors = true;
Thread thisThread;
int delay = 25;
public void init() {
if (xExtent == 0 && yExtent == 0) {
xExtent = Integer。parseInt(
getParameter(〃xExtent〃));
yExtent = Integer。parseInt(
getParameter(〃yExtent〃));

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beasts =
makeBeastVector(numBeasts; uniqueColors);
// Now start the beasts a…rovin":
thisThread = new Thread(this);
thisThread。start();

public void run() {
while(true) {
for(int i = 0; i 《 beasts。size(); i++){
Beast b = (Beast) beasts。elementAt(i);
b。step();

try {
thisThread。sleep(delay);
} catch(InterruptedException ex){}
repaint(); // Otherwise it won"t update


Vector makeBeastVector(
int quantity; boolean uniqueColors) {
Vector newBeasts = new Vector();
Random generator = new Random();
// Used only if uniqueColors is on:
double cubeRootOfBeastNumber =
Math。pow((double)numBeasts; 1。0 / 3。0);
float colorCubeStepSize =
(float) (1。0 / cubeRootOfBeastNumber);
float r = 0。0f;
float g = 0。0f;
float b = 0。0f;
for(int i = 0; i 《 quantity; i++) {
int x =
(int) (generator。nextFloat() * xExtent);
if(x 》 xExtent Beast。GSIZE)
x …= Beast。GSIZE;
int y =
(int) (generator。nextFloat() * yExtent);
if(y 》 yExtent Beast。GSIZE)
y …= Beast。GSIZE;
float direction = (float)(
generator。nextFloat() * 2 * Math。PI);
int speed = (int)(
generator。nextFloat() * (float)maxSpeed);
if(uniqueColors) {
r += colorCubeStepSize;
if(r 》 1。0) {
r …= 1。0f;
g += colorCubeStepSize;
if( g 》 1。0) {
g …= 1。0f;
b += colorCubeStepSize;
if(b 》 1。0)
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b …= 1。0f;



newBeasts。addElement(
new Beast(this; x; y; direction; speed;
new Color(r;g;b)));

return newBeasts;

public Vector beastListInSector(Beast viewer) {
Vector output = new Vector();
Enumeration e = beasts。elements();
Beast aBeast = (Beast)beasts。elementAt(0);
int counter = 0;
while(e。hasMoreElements()) {
aBeast = (Beast) e。nextElement();
if(aBeast != viewer) {
Point p = aBeast。position();
Point v = viewer。position();
float bearing =
aBeast。bearingFromPointAlongAxis(
v。x; v。y; viewer。currentDirection);
if(Math。abs(bearing) 《 fieldOfView / 2)
output。addElement(aBeast);


return output;

public void paint(Graphics g) {
Enumeration e = beasts。elements();
while(e。hasMoreElements()) {
((Beast)e。nextElement())。draw(g);


public static void main(String'' args) {
FieldOBeasts field = new FieldOBeasts();
field。xExtent = 640;
field。yExtent = 480;
Frame frame = new Frame(〃Field "O Beasts〃);
// Optionally use a mand…line argument
// for the sleep time:
if(args。length 》= 1)
field。delay = Integer。parseInt(args'0');
frame。addWindowListener(
new WindowAdapter() {
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System。exit(0);

});
frame。add(field; BorderLayout。CENTER);
frame。setSize(640;480);
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field。init();
field。start();
frame。setVisible(true);

} ///:~
尽管这并非对Craig Reynold 的“Boids”例子中的行为完美重现,但它却展现出了自己独有的迷人之外。通 
过对数字进行调整,即可进行全面的修改。至于与这种群聚行为有关的更多的情况,大家可以访问Craig
Reynold 的主页—?
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